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The Advice of ʿUmar Bin Al-Khaṭṭāb to Saʿd Bin Abī Waqqāṣ

Posted by Abu Iyaad
Translated May 2001
Filed under Tazkiyah & Tarbiyah



The great khalīfah, ʿUmar (رضي الله عنه) wrote to the companion Saʿd bin Abī Waqqāṣ (رضي الله عنه), giving him advice with respect to his armies:[1]

To proceed: I command you and the armies with you to have taqwā of Allāh in every condition, because taqwā of Alāh is the best preparation against the enemy, and the strongest plan in war.

I order you and those with you to take more caution in guarding against sins then you take caution with regards to the enemy. Indeed sins are to be feared more upon an army than their enemy.

Indeed, the Muslims are only given victory due to their enemy's disobedience to Allāh, otherwise we would have no power over them, since our numbers are not like their numbers and our material preparation is not like theirs. So if we are both the same in sin, then they have excellence over us due to their strength.

And know that in your journey Allāh has placed guardians over you who know what you do. So feel shy before them and do not do actions of disobedience to Allāh whilst in the path of Allah.

Do not also say: “Our enemies are worse than us, so they will not be able to defeat us", since it sometimes happens that Allāh causes a people to be subdued by a people who are worse than them, just as the Children of Israel were conquered by the unbelieving Magians when they did actions which brought about Allāh's anger: ( فَجَاسُوا خِلَٰلَ ٱلدِّيَارِ وَكَانَ وَعْدًا مَّفْعُولًا ) “They entered [and slaughtered them] even in the innermost recesses of their homes, and this was a promise fulfilled.” (17:5)

And ask Allāh for help against your own souls, just as you ask Allāh for help against your enemies. I ask that from Allāh for us and you.

Arabic Text:



Footnotes
1. Related in al-ʿIqd al-Farīd of al-Faqīh bin Muḥammad bin ʿAbd Rabbihī (Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah: Beirut, 1404H) 1/117.

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